Wednesday, May 20, 2009

No hurricanes? How come gasoline is going up? Gasoline in severe backwardation = Oil prices becoming more and more bullish

It’s fair to say, you would normally associate this level of backwardation with periods of hurricane-related supply disruption. - FT.com

SHOOT: Backwardation indicates a product is in short supply. In this case, gasoline.

WIKI: A backwardation starts when the difference between the future price and the cash price is less than the cost of carry, or when there can be no delivery arbitrage because the asset is not currently available for purchase.

The opposite market condition to backwardation is known as contango, in which the spot price is lower than the futures price.
clipped from ftalphaville.ft.com

Here’s the front end of the forward curve for both Nymex gasoline and heating oil futures.

Nymex forward curves - FT Alphaville
As can be seen gasoline is now severely backwardated at the front-end of the curve, while heating oil futures (aka distillate) are still firmly holding on to contango. The flip into backwardation for gasoline happened earlier this month, coinciding with the rampant ascent in the price of US RBOB gasoline futures, which last week hit six-month highs of $1.70 a gallon.

The extent of the backwardation, meanwhile, in the European physical market for gasoline is even more severe as the following chart depicting ARA (Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp) swaps shows:

ARA FOB swaps - PVM

It’s fair to say, you would normally associate this level of backwardation with periods of hurricane-related supply disruption. Currently, however, the picture looks to be reflecting a much greater hit to industrial demand versus driving demand.

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